Rubber dam is a permanent rubber bladder anchored in concrete foundation by anchor plates and anchor bolts. It is made of high strength fabric and synthetic rubber. The rubber dam filled with water or air could raise the water level in dry season and release floodwater from river course in rainy season. A layer of stainless steel mesh or ceramic chips can be embedded in the top surface rubber layer to reduce or prevent vandal damage. Compared with common conventional dam, the rubber dam has many advantages including less engineering budget, shorter construction period, longer service life, simpler maintenance and better vibration resistance. Rubber dam can be adjusted at any height and overflowed so it is widely used for irrigation, hydro power generation, flood control, environment improvement and recreation purpose in many areas.
Rubber dam is a permanent rubber bladder anchored in concrete foundation by anchor plates and anchor bolts. It is made of high strength fabric and synthetic rubber. The rubber dam filled with water or air could raise the water level in dry season and release floodwater from river course in rainy season. A layer of stainless steel mesh or ceramic chips can be embedded in the top surface rubber layer to reduce or prevent vandal damage. Compared with common conventional dam, the rubber dam has many advantages including less engineering budget, shorter construction period, longer service life, simpler maintenance and better vibration resistance. Rubber dam can be adjusted at any height and overflowed so it is widely used for irrigation, hydro power generation, flood control, environment improvement and recreation purpose in many areas.
As an innovation hydraulic structure, the rubber dam project mainly consists of four parts: i) concrete foundation; ii) rubber fabric bladder and anchor fittings; iii)control house including mechanical and electrical equipments; iiii) pipe system
1) The rubber bladder is made of high strength fabric and rubber layers. The fabric serves as the force-bearing frame of the dam with good flexural stress resistance and excellent adhesion function. The rubber layers consist of out-layer, middle-layer and inner-layer to protect the canvas.
Physical properties of the rubber material of rubber bladder
Item | Unit | Outer layer | Middle laver inner layer | Cover rubber sheet | Test standard | |
Tensile strength at break≥ | Mpa | 14 | 12 | 6 | GB/T528-2009 | |
Elongation at break≥ | % | 400 | 400 | 250 | GB/T528-2009 | |
Permanent deformation at break≤ | % | 30 | 30 | 35 | GB/T528-2009 | |
Hardness (shore A) | 55~65 | 50~60 | 55~65 | GB/T531.1-2008 | ||
Brittleness temperature≤ | ℃ | -30 | -30 | -30 | GB/T1682-1994 | |
Hot air aging (100℃*96h) | Tensile strength at break≥ | Mpa | 12 | 10 | 5 | GB/T3512-2001
|
Elongation at break≥ | %
| 300 | 300 | 200 | GB/T3512-2001 | |
2) Anchor fittings:
The clamping plate is made of casting steel and the anchor bolt is made of carbon steel with following property:
1) having good rust resistance, and the specifications apply to a wide range of models
2) having high strength and high safety factor
3) easy installation and low price
3) Control house: The control house includes mechanical and electrical equipments. The inflation and deflation devices are installed in the control house. And air blower or water pump and ancillary device are used for inflate air or water to rubber dam respectively. The rubber dam can be operated manually or automatically . The automatic control system consists of computer software technology, PLC control technology, communication and transmission technology and sensor test technology etc. The system can automatically adjust the inflation and deflation according to the water level or internal pressure, which can be used in daily operation and flood emergency control for the safety of the dam.
4) Pipe system: The pipe system is served for the rubber dam to fill water or fill air into rubber bladder. It can be supplied according to the water filling rubber dam or air filling rubber dam.
According to the medium filled, rubber dam is divided into air inflatable rubber dam and water filling rubber dam:
Water filling rubber dam: it can lower the temperature of surface of rubber bladder to extend its service life in summer.
Air inflatable rubber dam: it will not be frozen in the cold region.
According to the slope, rubber dam is divided into pillow rubber dam and inclined rubber dam:
Fin rubber dam: The cross-section of fin rubber dam looks like a book with smooth appearance. The fin erects when inflated to form a rising angle to raise the water head during a certain overflow, and eliminate vacuum underneath the dam with certain depth of flow water, thus reducing the vibration and wearing out of the rubber bladder.
Sample project:
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